If it was claimed that a few years ago a 70% illiteracy rate was greatly exaggerated, then the current illiteracy rate of less than 35% is not considered poor in the whole of Europe.
Although the major powers such as England, France, and Germany have lower illiteracy rates, they are after all extremely developed major powers.
Europe still has vast areas with a large number of illiterates and low-income populations, whose existence also lowers the average educational and income levels in Europe.
Looking across Europe, Spain's average educational level and illiteracy rate are not poor; at least it ranks medium.
Especially compared to Russia, another major power, Spain's achievements in education are not bad. In Russia, the majority of the population are illiterates, and it is extremely difficult to popularize education.
